“Personality vs. Personalization” in AI Systems: Intersection with Evolving U.S. Law (Part 3)
This post is the third in a series on personality versus personality in AI systems. Read Part 1 (exploring concepts) and Part 2 (concrete uses and risks). Conversational AI technologies are hyper-personalizing. Across sectors, companies are focused on offering personalized experiences that are tailored to users’ preferences, behaviors, and virtual and physical environments. These […]
A Price to Pay: U.S. Lawmaker Efforts to Regulate Algorithmic and Data-Driven Pricing
“Algorithmic pricing,” “surveillance pricing,” “dynamic pricing”: in states across the U.S., lawmakers are introducing legislation to regulate a range of practices that use large amounts of data and algorithms to routinely inform decisions about the prices and products offered to consumers. These bills—targeting what this analysis collectively calls “data-driven pricing”—follow the Federal Trade Commission (FTC)’s […]
FPF at PDP Week 2025: Generative AI, Digital Trust, and the Future of Cross-Border Data Transfers in APAC
Authors: Darren Ang Wei Cheng and James Jerin Akash (FPF APAC Interns) From July 7 to 10, 2025, the Future of Privacy Forum (FPF)’s Asia-Pacific (APAC) office was actively engaged in Singapore’s Personal Data Protection Week 2025 (PDP Week) – a week of events hosted by the Personal Data Protection Commission of Singapore (PDPC) at […]
Data-Driven Pricing: Key Technologies, Business Practices, and Policy Implications
In the U.S., state lawmakers are seeking to regulate various pricing strategies that fall under the umbrella of “data-driven pricing”: practices that use personal and/or non-personal data to continuously inform decisions about the prices and products offered to consumers. Using a variety of terms—including “surveillance,” “algorithmic,” and “personalized” pricing—legislators are targeting a range of practices […]
Nature of Data in Pre-Trained Large Language Models
The following is a guest post to the FPF blog by Yeong Zee Kin, the Chief Executive of the Singapore Academy of Law and FPF Senior Fellow. The guest blog reflects the opinion of the author only. Guest blog posts do not necessarily reflect the views of FPF. The phenomenon of memorisation has fomented significant […]
Brazil’s ANPD Preliminary Study on Generative AI highlights the dual nature of data protection law: balancing rights with technological innovation
Brazil’s Autoridade Nacional de Proteção de Dados (“ANPD”) Technology and Research Unit (“CGTP”) released the preliminary study Inteligência Artificial Generativa (“Preliminary Study on GenAI”, in Portuguese) as part of its Technological Radar series, on November 29, 2024. A short English version of the study was also released by the agency in December 2024. This analysis […]
The Curse of Dimensionality: De-identification Challenges in the Sharing of Highly Dimensional Datasets
The 2006 release by AOL of search queries linked to individual users and the re-identification of some of those users is one of the best known privacy disasters in internet history. Less well known is that AOL had released the data to meet intense demand from academic researchers who saw this valuable data set as essential […]
Minding Mindful Machines: AI Agents and Data Protection Considerations
Thank you for the contributions of Rob van Eijk, Marlene Smith, and Katy Wills We are now in 2025, the year of AI agents. In the last few weeks, leading large language model (LLM) developers (including OpenAI, Google, Anthropic) have released early versions of technologies described as “AI agents.” Unlike earlier automated systems and even […]