From Proposal to Passage: Enacted U.S. AI Laws, 2023–2025

Over the past three years, lawmakers across the United States have increasingly enacted AI-related laws that shape the development and deployment of AI systems. Between 2023 and 2025, the Future of Privacy Forum tracked 27 pieces of enacted AI-related legislation across 14 states, along with one federal law (the TAKE IT DOWN Act) that carry direct or indirect implications for private-sector AI developers and deployers. Notably, most enacted AI laws are already effective as of 2026, requiring entities to begin navigating compliance obligations. To support stakeholders, FPF has compiled a resource documenting key AI laws enacted from 2023-2025.