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[…] for Ethics and Emerging Technology. 1 Ira Rubinstein, Big Data: The End of Privacy or a New Beginning? , 3 INTERNATIONAL DATA PRIVACY LAW 74, 74 ( 2013) . The term “big data” has no broadly -accepted definition and has been defined many different ways. See VIKTOR MAYER -SCHÖNBERGER AND KENNETH CUKIER , BIG […]

[…] 2 Clive Hum bly, ANA Senior ma rketer’ s summit, Kellogg School (2006); see Michael Palmer, Data is the New Oil, blog post available at http://ana.blogs.com/maestros/2006/11/data_is_the_new_oil. 3http://siliconangle.com/blog/ 2013/03/11/ibms -ceo -says -big -data -is-like -oil-enterprises -need -help -extracting -the – value/ The history of oil pollution law is highly instructive. In the 19 th Century, […]

[…] of regulation with significant gaps and omiss ions.” ); Daniel Solove, Privacy Self -Management and the Consent Dilemma , 126 HARV . L. REV . 1880 ( 201 3). 2 See Peter Swire, The Surprising Virtues of the New Financial Privacy Law , 86 MINN . L. REV . 1263 (2002). 3 See Kenneth […]

[…] notice or an opportunity to opt out of such usage to the user. 6 Adrian Chen, GCreep: Google Engineer Stalked Teens, Spied on Chats, Gawker (Sept. 14, 201 0, 3:26 PM) http://gawker.com/5637234/gcreep -google – engineer -stalked -teens -spied -on -chats 7 Gateway Learning Corp., File No. 042 -3047, (Fed. Trade Comm’n September 17, 2004) […]

[…] of Privacy Forum , for his research assistance. 1 Glenn Greenwald, NSA collecting phone records of millions of Verizon customers daily , THE GUARDIAN , June 6, 2013, http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2013/jun/06/nsa –phone -records -verizon – court -order ; Glenn Greenwald & Ewen MacAskill, NSA Prism program taps in to user data of Apple, Google and others […]

[…] 2 Clive Hum bly, ANA Senior ma rketer’ s summit, Kellogg School (2006); see Michael Palmer, Data is the New Oil, blog post available at http://ana.blogs.com/maestros/2006/11/data_is_the_new_oil. 3http://siliconangle.com/blog/ 2013/03/11/ibms -ceo -says -big -data -is-like -oil-enterprises -need -help -extracting -the – value/ The history of oil pollution law is highly instructive. In the 19 th Century, […]

[…] significant regulation limiting how businesses mine data, see Lior Jacob Strahilevitz, Toward a Positive Theory of Privacy Law , 126 HARV . L. REV. 2010, 2033 ( 201 3) (” The deck is stacked against restrictions on data mining .”); cf Sarah Ludington, Reigning in the Data Traders: A New Tort for the Misuse […]

[…] of regulation with significant gaps and omiss ions.” ); Daniel Solove, Privacy Self -Management and the Consent Dilemma , 126 HARV . L. REV . 1880 ( 201 3). 2 See Peter Swire, The Surprising Virtues of the New Financial Privacy Law , 86 MINN . L. REV . 1263 (2002). 3 See Kenneth […]

[…] the Consumer Genome , New York Times (June 16, 2012) available at: http://www.nytimes.com/2012/06/17/technology/acxiom -the -quiet -giant -of- consumer -database -marketing.html?_r=1&pagewanted=all (Last accessed on Februar y 28 , 201 3). 68 Article 17(3)(d) of the DPR proposal. 69 Article 18(1) of the DPR proposal. 70 Opinion of the European Data Protection Supervisor on the data […]

[…] hensible will continue, as will efforts to institute “privacy by de‐ 195. Pub. L. 90‐321, 82 Stat. 146 (1968).  196. Harper, supra note 22, at 4 (“Unfortunately, there is no horn that sounds when  consumers are sufficiently aware, or when their preferences are being honored.”).  448 Harvard Journal of Law & Public Policy [Vol. 36  sign.” 197 This term refers to efforts by organizations to “embed  privacy into the architecture of technologies and practices.” 198  There already have been amazing strides made in this regard,  and progress—though slow—will continue. “The signs are al‐ ready beginning to appear,” says Ann Cavoukian, who is widely  credited with coining the term, that “market leaders are embrac‐ ing Privacy by Design, and are, in turn, reaping the benefits.” 199  The growth of privacy by design efforts reflect a renewed fo‐ cus on evolving industry self‐regulation and codes of conduct,  as was discussed in the previous Part. Policymakers and the  general public are increasingly demanding that privacy profes‐ sionals be present in information‐gathering institutions and  take steps to  better safeguard private information flows. The  rapidly expanding ranks of the International Association for  Privacy Professionals (IAPP) reflects that fact. 200 The IAPP was  formed in 2000 and has rapidly grown from just a few hundred  members to almost 10,000 members in 70 countries by 2012. 201  Membership was expected to reach 12,000 by the end of 2012.202  As a result, a growing class of privacy professionals exists  throughout the corporate world, as Professors Kenneth A.  Bamberger & Deirdre K. Mulligan summarize:  The individuals managing corporate privacy have an appli‐ cant pool of trained professionals to draw from. There is on‐ going training, certification, and networking. A community  197. Ira S. Rubinstein, Regulating Privacy by Design, 26 B ERKELEY  TECH . L. J. 1409  (2011); Peter Schaar, Privacy by Design, 3 I DENTITY  INFO . SOC ’Y 267 (2010).  198. Ann Cavoukian, 2011: The Decade of Privacy by Design starts now, ITB USINESS   (Jan. 15, 2011, 6:00 AM), http://blogs.itbusiness.ca/2011/01/2011‐the‐decade‐of‐ privacy‐by‐design‐starts‐now.  199. Id.   200. Kenneth A. Bamberger & Deirdre K. Mulligan, New Governance Chief Pri‐ vacy Officers, and the Corporate Management of Information Privacy in the United  States: An Initial Inquiry, 33 L.  & POL’Y 477 (2011); Tene & Polonetsky, supra note  […]