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Co-authored by Rafal Fryc With nearly 100 chatbot-specific bills introduced across states in 2026, a complex and increasingly fragmented compliance landscape is quickly emerging. This tracker helps stakeholders understand that landscape by highlighting chatbot legislation advancing through initial chambers in state legislatures and Congress, and organizing key provisions across proposals to show what is coming […]

[…] shortcomings such as limited reliability, the lack of specificity and the limited generalisability, which may lead to discriminatory outcomes and can be intrusive to the rights and freedoms of the concerned persons.  Acknowledging the power imbalances in these environments which, combined with the intrusive nature of these systems, could lead to detrimental or unfavorable […]

[…] the bill’s sponsor Rep. West (R) identified in House floor debate, this concluded Oklahoma’s multi-year journey to enacting a comprehensive consumer privacy law.  SB 546 is a Virginia-style law with few deviations from that model, and it will go into effect on January 1, 2027. This resource provides an overview of the law’s scope, […]

[…] standards: they are simply good governance. These frameworks are road-tested guides for building AI systems that produce accurate, ethical, and trustworthy outcomes. Organizations that internalize them are better positioned to gain customer trust, regardless of what any particular state legislature has done. Given the near impossibility of creating compliance programs that anticipate every nuance […]

[…] case law of Data Protection Authorities (DPAs) on the basis of the GDPR, which remains the most comprehensive protection in facial recognition use-cases;  The prohibition expressly differentiates between “targeted” and “untargeted” scraping, thereby limiting the scope of its application and excluding qualified “targeted” scraping from its scope;  An analysis of the practices that fall […]

FPF recently concluded its 16th Annual Privacy Papers for Policymakers (PPPM) events, hosting two dynamic virtual ceremonies on March 4 and March 11, 2026. This year’s program centered on the most pressing areas in privacy and AI governance, bringing together global awardees to discuss their research with leading discussants from industry, academia, and civil society. […]

[…] as social media companies.  A brief look at the history of social media regulation in Nigeria shows that it is intricately connected with state regulation of the freedom of expression. While past attempts to regulate the use of social media platforms have largely been led by ad-hoc bans on the basis of national security […]

Special thanks to Rafal Fryc, U.S. Legislation Intern, for his research and development of the resources referenced. FPF developed two one-pager resources summarizing key trends in chatbot legislation. The first highlights some of the definitional patterns beginning to appear, identifying eleven legislative frameworks used to define chatbots. The second maps the six most common regulatory […]

Special thanks to Rafal Fryc, U.S. Legislation Intern, for his research and development of the resources referenced. If there is one area of AI policy that lawmakers seem particularly eager to regulate in 2026, it’s chatbots. As state legislative sessions ramp up across the country, policymakers at both the state and federal levels have introduced […]