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[…] verifiable facts linked to a criminal activity, as explored above;  Administrative offense prediction, on the basis that their prosecution is less intrusive for individuals’ fundamental rights and freedoms; and  Risk assessments of legal entities (unless targeting specific individuals).  While the Guidelines do not expressly address the issue, it is worth noting that, while certain […]

[…] labels. This prohibition applies broadly across public and private sectors and concerns only natural persons or groups of natural persons, excluding thus legal entities.  The Guidelines differentiate between “evaluation” and “classification” as two distinct but related concepts within the scope of Article 5(1)(c) AI Act. “Evaluation” refers to an assessment or judgment about a […]

Over the past three years, lawmakers across the United States have increasingly enacted AI-related laws that shape the development and deployment of AI systems. Between 2023 and 2025, the Future of Privacy Forum tracked 27 pieces of enacted AI-related legislation across 14 states, along with one federal law (the TAKE IT DOWN Act) that carry […]

[…] 29).  Recital 29 of the AI Act also refers to techniques that deceive or nudge individuals “in a way that subverts and impairs their autonomy, decision-making and free choices.” A direct comparison can be made with the DSA which, inter alia, prohibits providers of online platforms from deceiving or nudging recipients of their service […]

[…] of AI systems: the challenge is to ensure that these tools benefit as broad a spectrum of people, organizations, and society as possible while protecting the rights, freedom, and dignity of individuals. Even as we continue to work through foundational concepts for privacy in the age of AI, it is important that we anticipate […]

Over the past three years, lawmakers across the United States have increasingly enacted AI-related laws that shape the development and deployment of AI systems. Between 2023 and 2025, the Future of Privacy Forum tracked 27 pieces of enacted AI-related legislation across 14 states, along with one federal law (the TAKE IT DOWN Act) that […]

E N AC TE D AI LE G IS LA TIO N O ve rv ie w C hatb ots : C A SB -2 43 (2 0 25 ) , M E LD -1 7 2 7 (2 0 25 ), N H HB-1 4 3 (2 0 25 ), N Y S-3 0 […]

[…] first making available of an AI system on the Union market, for distribution or use in the course of a commercial activity, either for a fee or free of charge (see Articles 3(9) and 3(10) AI Act for full definitions). Placing an AI system on the Union market is considered as such regardless of […]

[…] as litigation progresses. However, with an unclear litigation timeline, several newly effective legal obligations, and significant enforcement provisions carrying personal liability for employees, compliance teams may be stuck between two high-stakes options: (1) a risk of insufficient action and consequential liability if entities are slower to come into compliance while monitoring litigation outcomes; or, (2) […]

[…] litigation progresses. However, with an unclear litigation timeline, several newly effective legal obligations, and significant enforcement provisions carrying personal liability for employees, compliance teams may be stuck between two high-stakes options: (1) a risk of insufficient action and consequential liability if entities are slower to come into compliance while monitoring litigation outcomes; or, (2) […]