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[…] shortcomings such as limited reliability, the lack of specificity and the limited generalisability, which may lead to discriminatory outcomes and can be intrusive to the rights and freedoms of the concerned persons.  Acknowledging the power imbalances in these environments which, combined with the intrusive nature of these systems, could lead to detrimental or unfavorable […]

[…] the bill’s sponsor Rep. West (R) identified in House floor debate, this concluded Oklahoma’s multi-year journey to enacting a comprehensive consumer privacy law.  SB 546 is a Virginia-style law with few deviations from that model, and it will go into effect on January 1, 2027. This resource provides an overview of the law’s scope, […]

By FPF Legal Intern Rafal Fryc As artificial intelligence gets increasingly deployed across every sector of the economy, regulators find themselves grappling with a fundamental challenge: how to govern a technology that defies traditional regulatory frameworks and changes faster than legislation can keep pace. One increasingly common approach can be found outside the text of […]

[…] basis of the untargeted scraping of data, including biometric data such as facial images, has been a continuous area of serious concern for DPAs. From 2022 to 2024, several DPAs imposed large fines on Clearview AI for GDPR violations due to practices related to facial recognition, as highlighted in Section 5 of this blog.  […]

FPF recently concluded its 16th Annual Privacy Papers for Policymakers (PPPM) events, hosting two dynamic virtual ceremonies on March 4 and March 11, 2026. This year’s program centered on the most pressing areas in privacy and AI governance, bringing together global awardees to discuss their research with leading discussants from industry, academia, and civil society. […]

[…] as social media companies.  A brief look at the history of social media regulation in Nigeria shows that it is intricately connected with state regulation of the freedom of expression. While past attempts to regulate the use of social media platforms have largely been led by ad-hoc bans on the basis of national security […]

Special thanks to Rafal Fryc, U.S. Legislation Intern, for his research and development of the resources referenced. FPF developed two one-pager resources summarizing key trends in chatbot legislation. The first highlights some of the definitional patterns beginning to appear, identifying eleven legislative frameworks used to define chatbots. The second maps the six most common regulatory […]

Special thanks to Rafal Fryc, U.S. Legislation Intern, for his research and development of the resources referenced. If there is one area of AI policy that lawmakers seem particularly eager to regulate in 2026, it’s chatbots. As state legislative sessions ramp up across the country, policymakers at both the state and federal levels have introduced […]

[…] verifiable facts linked to a criminal activity, as explored above;  Administrative offense prediction, on the basis that their prosecution is less intrusive for individuals’ fundamental rights and freedoms; and  Risk assessments of legal entities (unless targeting specific individuals).  While the Guidelines do not expressly address the issue, it is worth noting that, while certain […]