The Rest of the West: Oregon and Washington Build on California Chatbot Law
The West Coast now has a full set of chatbot laws on the books. Following California’s SB 243 (signed in 2025 and effective January 1, 2026) both Oregon (SB 1546) and Washington (HB 2225) enacted companion chatbot laws that will take effect on January 1, 2027. Together, these laws establish a new framework for regulating […]
The Rest of the West: Oregon and Washington Build on California Chatbot Law
Introduction The West Coast now has a full set of chatbot laws on the books. Following California’s SB 243 (signed in 2025 and effective January 1, 2026) both Oregon (SB 1546) and Washington (HB 2225) enacted companion chatbot laws that will take effect on January 1, 2027. Together, these laws establish a new framework for […]
Incentives or Obligations? The U.S. Regulatory Approach to Voluntary AI Governance Standards
By FPF Legal Intern Rafal Fryc As artificial intelligence gets increasingly deployed across every sector of the economy, regulators find themselves grappling with a fundamental challenge: how to govern a technology that defies traditional regulatory frameworks and changes faster than legislation can keep pace. One increasingly common approach can be found outside the text of […]
Africa’s Data Protection Reforms: A Continental Perspective on the Drivers of Change in Legal Frameworks
1. Introduction Within an evolving digital landscape, several African jurisdictions have proposed a variety of reforms to existing and novel legal frameworks that regulate the processing of personal data, and the development and deployment of new technologies. Across the continent, there is a growing consensus among legislators on the need to create a regulatory environment […]
The Chatbot Moment: Mapping the Emerging 2026 U.S. Chatbot Legislative Landscape
Special thanks to Rafal Fryc, U.S. Legislation Intern, for his research and development of the resources referenced. If there is one area of AI policy that lawmakers seem particularly eager to regulate in 2026, it’s chatbots. As state legislative sessions ramp up across the country, policymakers at both the state and federal levels have introduced […]
Digital Digest: FPF’s Annual Privacy Papers for Policymakers
We are pleased to introduce FPF’s 16th annual Privacy Papers for Policymakers. Each year, we invite privacy scholars and authors to submit scholarship for consideration by a committee of reviewers and judges from the FPF Advisory Board. The selected papers are those judged to contain practical analyses of emerging issues that policymakers in Congress, in […]
Red Lines under the EU AI Act: Understanding Manipulative Techniques and the Exploitation of Vulnerabilities
Blog 2 | Red Lines under the EU AI Act Series This blog is the second of a series that explores prohibited AI practices under the EU AI Act and their interplay with existing EU law. You can read the first episode here and find the whole series here. Harmful manipulation and deception through AI systems […]
Q&A With FPF Vice President for U.S. Policy, Matthew Reisman
In a new Q&A, our Vice President for U.S. Policy, Matthew Reisman, takes a deeper look at the privacy landscape, particularly his interests in the space, what to look forward to in the U.S. and AI sector, and what is key for stakeholders to pay attention to. What brought you into the privacy and data […]
Red Lines under the EU AI Act: Understanding ‘Prohibited AI Practices’ and their Interplay with the GDPR, DSA
Blog 1 | Red Lines under the EU AI Act Series This blog is the first of a series that explores prohibited AI practices under the EU AI Act and their interplay with existing EU law. You can find the whole series here. The EU AI Act prohibits certain AI practices in the European Union (hereinafter also […]
Paradigm Shift in the Palmetto State: A New Approach to Online Protection-by-Design
South Carolina Governor McMaster signed HB 3431, an Age-Appropriate Design Code (AADC) -style law, on February 5, adding to the growing list of new, bipartisan state frameworks fortifying online protections for minors. Although HB 3431 is dubbed an AADC, its divergence from past models and unique blend of requirements that draw upon a variety of other […]