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[…] through user-generated input. For example, a 2015 claim against Snap, Inc. survived Section 230 dismissal following a claim that a specific “Speed Filter” Snapchat feature (since discontinued) promoted reckless driving.  In other cases, the personalization of a system through demographic-based targeting that causes harm may also implicate tort and product liability law when organizations […]

[…] personality-like features, whether it is a specific voice mode, or a consistent persona, or even a range of “AI companions.” Even if companion-like personalities are not directly promoted as features, users can build them using system prompts and customized design; an early 2023 feature of OpenAI enabled users to create custom GPTs.  Figure 3 […]

Conversational AI technologies are hyper-personalizing. Across sectors, companies are focused on offering personalized experiences that are tailored to users’ preferences, behaviors, and virtual and physical environments. These range from general purpose LLMs, to the rapidly growing market for LLM-powered AI companions, educational aides, and corporate assistants. There are clear trends among this overall focus: towards […]

[…] also prescribes skill requirements. A DPO must have knowledge of data protection law and technology, an understanding of the business’s data processing operations, and the ability to promote a data protection culture with integrity. The required skill level depends on the complexity, scale, sensitivity and level of protection required for the data being processed.  […]

FPF is pleased to welcome our colleague Bianca-Ioana Marcu to her new role as Managing Director of FPF Europe. With extensive experience in privacy and data protection, she takes on this responsibility at a pivotal moment for digital regulation in Europe. In this blog, we will explore her perspectives on the evolving privacy landscape, […]

[…] Privacy in the AI Era After a networking lunch,  attendees retook seats for the event’s second half. Moderator Dr. Gabriela Zanfir-Fortuna, FPF’s Vice President for Global Privacy, welcomed back everyone for “Competition/Data Protection in an AI World.” Joined by Maureen Ohlhausen, Partner at Wilson Sonsini and Peter Swire, FPF Senior Fellow, and J.Z. Liang […]

In May 2025, Nebraska and Vermont passed Age-Appropriate Design Code Acts (AADCs), continuing the bipartisan trend of states advancing protections for youth online. While these new bills arrived within the same week and share both a common name and general purpose, their scope, applicability, and substance take two very different approaches to a common […]

[…] impact on, a minor; (b) financial, physical, or reputational injury; (c) unauthorized disclosure of personal data as a result of a security breach (as described in Mont. Code Ann. § 30-14-1704); or (d) intrusion upon the solitude or seclusion or private affairs or concerns of a minor, whether physical or otherwise, that would be offensive […]

[…] values are replaced with broader, less precise categories. Examples include replacing an exact birth date with just the birth year or an age range, a specific ZIP code with a larger geographic area, or a specific occupation with a broader job category. This is a core technique used to achieve k-anonymity. While it reduces […]

[…] The passage of Arkansas COPPA 2.0 may signal an emerging trend towards a potentially more constitutionally resilient approach to protecting children and teens online. Unlike age-appropriate design codes or social media age verification mandates, which have faced significant First Amendment challenges, Arkansas COPPA 2.0 takes a more targeted approach focused on privacy and data […]