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[…] work better for individuals, which Draghi does not mention at all. The EU institutions, with input from the European Data Protection Board, should agree on a limited number of clearly-defined priorities to be dealt with in any reform. Any changes that affect the fundamental principles of the GDPR or reduce the level of protection […]

[…] • Where PD of vulnerable natural persons, in particular of children, are processed; or • Where processing involves a large amount of PD and affects a large number of data subjects. Recital 75. California and Colorado have a slight difference in approach tied to the triggers for an assessment (see above). For example, Colorado […]

[…] MD MA MI MN MS MO MTNV Nb NM NY NC OH OK OR PA RI SC TX UT VT VA WA WV WY Overview of the number of industry-focused AI bills introduced per state in 2025, distinguishing how many bills were enrolled or enacted per state. Introduced AI Billls, Enrolled or Enacted by […]

[…] Values and Interests and Consulting with Experts: Achieving alignment entails that the AI system reflects human interests and values, but such efforts can be complicated by the number and range of these values that a system may implicate. In order to obtain a holistic understanding of the values and interests an AI companion or […]

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[…] housing market, or in groceries and restaurants? These elements generally correspond to the different terms used in legislation to refer to data-driven pricing practices. For example, a number of bills use terms such as “algorithmic pricing,” including New York S 3008, an enacted law requiring a disclosure when “personalized algorithmic pricing” is used to […]

[…] most sensitive of personal data to the newly-conceived legal category of “neural data.” Each of these laws defines “neural data” in related but distinct ways, raising a number of important questions: just how broad should this new data type be? How can lawmakers draw clear boundaries for a data type that, in theory, could […]

[…] oversight purposes. The supervising body typically has some discretion as to how to implement its sandbox, such as the focus (technology or sector-specific), the vetting process, the number of accepted applicants, and evaluation metrics for success. Application and selection: As part of the vetting process, participating organizations must explain to the regulatory body why […]

[…] privacy . Financial firms are required and incentivized to engage in a range of anti-fraud programs. Firms often seek to determine whether a particular International Bank Account Number (IBAN) involved in a cross-border transaction is at high risk for fraud. Traditionally , this process involves cooperation between financial institutions that can raise compliance questions […]

[…] borders without compromising sensitive data. In this use case, Mastercard collaborated with Singapore’s Infocomm Media Development Authority to pilot a system that allows encrypted International Bank Account Numbers (IBANs) to be checked for fraud risk without revealing the IBAN itself or transferring personal data across jurisdictions. Using FHE and a secure query hub, the […]