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[…] privacy . Financial firms are required and incentivized to engage in a range of anti-fraud programs. Firms often seek to determine whether a particular International Bank Account Number (IBAN) involved in a cross-border transaction is at high risk for fraud. Traditionally , this process involves cooperation between financial institutions that can raise compliance questions […]

[…] repeat customers who sign up for the program. In return, the company receives additional customer data. Dynamic pricing: Rapidly changing the price of a particular product or service based on real-time analysis of market conditions and consumer behavior. Consumer segmentation or profiling: A profile is created for a customer based on their personal data, […]

[…] data. Discount programs that provide  program members with lower prices on groceries as compared with non-members.  Dynamic pricing Rapidly changing the price of a particular product or service based on real-time analysis of market conditions and consumer behavior. Changing the price of a movie ticket, video streaming service, or taxi ride based on time […]

[…] under federal health privacy law at all. Instead, protections depend on the state where a user lives, or whether the product falls under one of a growing number of state-level privacy laws or consumer health privacy laws. Laws like New York’s S929/NY HIPA, which remains in legislative limbo, reflect growing state interest in regulating […]

[…] generate a human-readable response. Stage 2: Embedding contextual information Complex contextual information can be reflected as patterns in high-dimensional vectors. The greater the complexity, the higher the number of features that are needed. These are reflected as parameters of the high dimension vectors. Contrariwise, low dimension vectors contain fewer features and have lower representational […]

[…] likely to result in a “high risk” to data subjects. The draft guidelines propose a two-tier approach to assess this risk, considering both quantitative factors (like the number of data subjects) and qualitative ones (such as data sensitivity). Notably, if a DPIA reveals a high overall risk, organizations may be required to notify the […]

[…] of certain types of personal data. Under the amendments, a controller cannot disclose the following types of data in response to a consumer access request: social security number; government-issued identification number (including driver’s license number); financial account number; health insurance or medical identification number; account password, security question or answer; and biometric data. Instead, […]

[…] data minimization paradigm embodied in MODPA, MHMD, and the NYCPA, the collection of data itself is prohibited unless it is deemed necessary for providing a product or service requested by the consumer. In this regard it is closely related to purpose specification. In a substantive model, collection and use is tied to the nature […]

[…] BOARD MEETING June 11–13, 2025 • Washington, D.C. Sovereignty, Localization, and Related Challenges to Effective Cybersecurity Discussion Leads: John Verdi and Jocelyn Aqua SESSION DESCRIPTION An increasing number of regulations seek to restrict or limit organizations’ ability to process data in certain countries or outside of specific jurisdictions. These restrictions are creating significant challenges […]

[…] to tie the collection of personal data, and the processing of sensitive data to what is ” strictly necessary” to provide or maintain a specific product or service requested by the consumer. As we approach that law’s effective date , how are you thinking about compliance? Do you see Maryland’s standard as meaningfully different? […]