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[…] ssis ta n ts ) m ay have a cce ss to to ols (e .g ., que ry in g data b ase s, makin g API ca lls , in te ra ctin g wit h w eb bro w se rs , an d acce ssin g file sy ste m […]

[…] may lead to more intimate inferences. Systems with agentic capabilities that act on user preferences (e.g., shopping assistants) may have access to tools (e.g., querying databases, making API calls, interacting with web browsers, and accessing file systems) enabling them to obtain more real-time information about individuals. For example, some agents may take screenshots of […]

[…] addition, most bills include specific obligations for entities operating “high-risk” systems, such as performing comprehensive risk assessments and ethical evaluations; assuring data quality and bias detection; extensive documentation and record-keeping obligations; and guiding users on the intended use, accuracy, and robustness of these systems. Brazil’s bill indicates the competent authority will have discretion to […]

[…] in clu d e ad dit io nal c o m pone nts lik e a use r in te rfa ce , deve lo p er API, an d in p ut an d outp ut filt e rs . Bro ad ly defin e d , mach in e u nle arn […]

“Algorithmic pricing,” “surveillance pricing,” “dynamic pricing”: in states across the U.S., lawmakers are introducing legislation to regulate a range of practices that use large amounts of data and algorithms to routinely inform decisions about the prices and products offered to consumers. These bills—targeting what this analysis collectively calls “data-driven pricing”—follow the Federal Trade Commission (FTC)’s […]

Thanks to Marlene Smith for her research contributions. As policymakers worldwide seek to support beneficial uses of  artificial intelligence (AI), many are exploring the concept of “regulatory sandboxes.” Broadly speaking, regulatory sandboxes are legal oversight frameworks that offer participating organizations the opportunity to experiment with emerging technologies within a controlled environment, usually combining regulatory oversight […]

The following is a guest post to the FPF blog by Yeong Zee Kin, the Chief Executive of the Singapore Academy of Law and FPF Senior Fellow. The guest blog reflects the opinion of the author only. Guest blog posts do not necessarily reflect the views of FPF. The phenomenon of memorisation has fomented significant […]

On March 4, 2025, Senator Markey reintroduced the Children and Teens’ Online Privacy Protection Act (COPPA 2.0), which was referred to the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation for consideration. COPPA 2.0 would amend the Children’s Online Privacy Protection Act (COPPA), initially passed in 1998 to provide protections for teens. On June 25, 2025, the […]

[…] r e g ula tio ns is su e d und er se ctio n 650 2 of th is tit le . ( 3 ) E XPED IT ED RES P O NSE TO REQ UES TS T he Com mis sio n sh all act up on re q ue sts fo […]